Television Rating Point (TRP) is
a tool provided to judge which programmes
are viewed the most. This gives us an index of the choice of the people and also the popularity of a
particular channel.
For calculation purpose, a device is attached to
the TV set in a few thousand viewers' houses
for judging purpose. These numbers are treated
as sample from the overall TV owners in different geographical and demographic sectors.
The device is called as People's Meter. It
records the time and the programme that
a viewer watches on a particular day. Then,
the average is taken for a 30-day period which gives the viewership status for a particular channel.
In India INTAM (Indian
Television Audience Measurement) is the
electronic rating agency which does this work. INTAM uses two methodologies for calculating TRP.
The first is frequency monitoring, in which 'people meters' are installed in
sample homes and these electronic
gadgets continuously record data about the channel watched by the family members. 'People meter' is a
costly equipment, which is imported from
abroad. It reads the frequencies of channels, which are later, decoded into the name of the channels
and the agency prepares a national data
on the basis of its sample homes readings. But there is a drawback in the technique, as cable operators
frequently change the frequencies of the
different channels before sending signals to the homes. It may be very misleading to read a
channel according to a particular
frequency even if the down linking frequency is same all over India.
Second technique is more reliable and
relatively new to India. In picture matching technique people meter
continuously records a small portion of the picture that is being watched on that particular
television set. Along with this agency
also records all the channels' data in the form of small picture portion. Data collected from the sample homes
is later on matched with the main data
bank to interpret the channel name. And this way national rating is produced.
Source : Quora
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